The parts of speech

The grammatical codes

All the words are analysed with dictionary form + grammatical tags. Each tag is introduced with a "+" sign. We thus have

biila+N+Sg+Acc
boahtit+V+Ind+Prs+Sg1

At the moment, the following multicharacter symbols are defined in the lexicon file:

Multichar_Symbols
 +N +A +Adv +V
 +Pron +CS +CC +Adp +Po +Pr +Interj +Pcle
 +Pers +Dem +Interr +Refl +Recipr +Rel +Indef
 +Ess +Sg +Pl +Nom +Gen +Acc +Ill +Loc +Com
 +PxSg1 +PxSg2 +PxSg3 +PxDu1 +PxDu2 +PxDu3 +PxPl1 +PxPl2 +PxPl3
 +Comp +Superl +Actor
 +Clt +Attr
 +Pass +Ind +Prs +Prt +Pot +Cond +Imprt
 +Sg1 +Sg2 +Sg3 +Du1 +Du2 +Du3 +Pl1 +Pl2 +Pl3
 +Inf +Act +Ger +ConNeg +Neg +ImprtII +PrsPrc +PrfPrc +VGen +VAbess
 X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7 X8 X9 Y1 Y2 Y3 Y4 Y5 Y6 Y7 Y8 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9
 a1 e1 c1 d1 i1 n1 o1 s1 t1 u1 z1 g2 h2 m2 n2

These are the main POS:

Nouns, adjectives, verbs, pronouns, adverbs, particles, subjunctions, conjunctions, adpositions, postpositions, prepositions and interjections.

The nouns

The string is "+N+Number+Case+Possessivesuffix+Clitic". The word form "biilasgo" is thus analysed as "biila+N+Sg+Gen+PxSg3+Clt".

Here is a list of the nominal tags, given in the same order as for the analysis. Note that the grammatical categories in parentheses can be omitted.

Part of speech: +N
Number: +Sg, +Pl
Case: +Ess +Nom +Gen +Acc +Ill +Loc +Com
(Possessive suffix:) +PxSg1 +PxSg2 +PxSg3 +PxDu1 +PxDu2 +PxDu3 +PxPl1 +PxPl2 +PxPl3
(Clitic:) +Clt

The adjectives

Used non-attributively the adjective resembles the noun:

Part of speech: +A
(Grade:) +Comp, +Superl
Number: +Sg, +Pl
Case: +Ess +Nom +Gen +Acc +Ill +Loc +Com
(Clitic:) +Clt

Used attributively the adjective has a quite simple tag scheme:

Part of speech: +A
Attribute +Attr
(Clitic:) +Clt

The verbs

Finite and infinite verb forms have quite distinct paradigms. Finite first:

Part of speech: +V
(Derivation) +Pass
Mood: +Ind, +Pot, +Cond, +Imprt
Tense +Prs, +Prt
Person/Number +Sg1 +Sg2 +Sg3 +Du1 +Du2 +Du3 +Pl1 +Pl2 +Pl3, +ConNeg
Clitic: +Clt
Infinite verb forms:

Part of speech: +V
(Derivation:) +Pass
Nominal verb form +Inf, +Act, +Ger, +PrsPrc, +PrfPrc, +VGen, +VAbess
(Clitic:) +Clt

Other derived verb forms:

Part of speech: +V
Part of speech: +N
Derivation +Actor
Number +Sg, +Pl
Case: +Ess +Nom +Gen +Acc +Ill +Loc +Com
(Possessive suffix:) +PxSg1 +PxSg2 +PxSg3 +PxDu1 +PxDu2 +PxDu3 +PxPl1 +PxPl2 +PxPl3
(Clitic:) +Clt

Here is an example: "addit" > addit+V+N+Actor+Pl+Nom

These tags are still not documented: +Act +Neg +ImprtII

The pronouns

The personal, demonstrative and interrogative pronouns:

baseform+Pron+Pers+Number+Case

Example:

mun+Pron+Pers+Sg+Com
dat+Pron+Dem+Pl+Nom

The reflexive pronouns:

baseform+Pron+pronoun_type+Case(+possessive suffix)

Example: ies1+Pron+Refl+Loc+PxDu1

The Incdeclinable words

These have their POS tag as their only tag:

underlying form: birra+Adp
surface form:    birra
Last modified: Mon Jan 7 15:06:26 CET 2002