Feedback in response to errors
Russian noun declensions

For any error, the user will receive up to 3 pieces of information:
	1) Paradigm
	2) Stress
	3) Special features

Sample responses are given in quotations “” below.

1) Paradigm
	Strategy: Tell the students which paradigm is relevant and give a head noun.
	“This is a hard stem/soft stem masculine/feminine/neuter/feminine -ь noun. It has the same endings as X.”  
	(Replace the underlined text with the appropriate text in [] below.) 	(Replace X with the headwords below.)
	X = 
	теа́тр [hard stem masculine inanimate noun]
	студе́нт [hard stem masculine animate noun]
	рубль [soft stem masculine inanimate noun]
	медве́дь [soft stem masculine animate noun]
	уро́к [masculine inanimate noun ending in -к, -г, or -х]
	учени́к [masculine animate noun ending in -к, -г, or -х]
	каранда́ш [masculine inanimate noun ending in -ж, -ч, -ш, or -щ]
	борщ [masculine animate noun ending in -ж, -ч, -ш, or -щ]
	огуре́ц [masculine inanimate noun ending in -ц]
	оте́ц [masculine animate noun ending in -ц]
	музе́й [masculine inanimate noun ending in -й]
	(геро́й [masculine animate noun ending in -й])
	(санато́рий [masculine inanimate noun ending in -ий])
	(вика́рий [masculine inanimate noun ending in -ий])

	датча́нин [masculine animate noun in -анин]
	(цыплёнок [masculine animate noun in - ёнок/-онок])

	сви́тер [hard stem masculine inanimate noun with NAPl -á]
	(я́корь [soft stem masculine inanimate noun with NPl -я́])
	дире́ктор [hard stem masculine animate noun with NPl -á]
	учи́тель [soft stem masculine animate noun with NPl -я́]

	ко́мната [hard stem feminine inanimate noun]
	ма́ма [hard stem feminine animate noun]
	ба́ня [soft stem feminine inanimate noun]
	(герои́ня [soft stem feminine animate noun]) (note that Катя is in MiP)
	кни́га [feminine inanimate noun ending in -кa, -гa, or -хa]
	соба́ка [feminine animate noun ending in -кa, -гa, or -хa]
	ка́ша [feminine inanimate noun ending in -жa, -чa, -шa, or -щa]
	(касси́рша [feminine animate noun ending in -жa, -чa, -шa, or -щa])
	у́лица [feminine inanimate noun ending in -цa]
	учи́тельница [feminine animate noun ending in -цa]
	(ста́туя [feminine inanimate noun ending in a vowel (other than и) +-я])
	(фе́я [feminine animate noun ending in a vowel (other than и) +-я])
	ле́кция [feminine inanimate noun ending in -ия]
	(фу́рия [feminine animate noun ending in -ия])

	дверь [feminine inanimate noun ending in -ь]
	фотомоде́ль [feminine animate noun ending in -ь]
	ночь [feminine inanimate noun ending in -жь, -чь, -шь, or -щь]
	(мышь [feminine animate noun ending in -жь, -чь, -шь, or -щь])

	сло́во [hard stem neuter noun]
	(ча́до [hard stem neuter animate noun])
	мо́ре [soft stem neuter noun]
	(бла́го [neuter noun ending in -кo, -гo, or -хo])
	(жили́ще [neuter noun ending in -ище])
	(чудо́вище [neuter animate noun ending in -ище])
	со́лнце [neuter noun ending in -це]	
	рожде́ние [soft stem neuter noun in -ие]

	здоро́вье [neuter noun ending in -ье/-ьё]
	вре́мя [neuter noun ending in -мя]

	The types in parentheses are ones that lack any relevant examples in our MiP list, but will be important when we expand the lexicon. Otherwise I have tried to use words that are used as headwords in MiP or otherwise appear fairly early in that book. This set of distinctions follows Zaliznjak very closely and thus should match up with the disambiguation-generation tools that Francis has made.

There are some nouns that decline like adjectives and have to get a different message, such as ва́нная, моро́женое, шампа́нское, учёный (this item not on our list), ру́сский.
	“This noun has the same endings as an adjective.”

There are also some masculine animate nouns that end in -a/-я that have to get a different message, such as де́душка, дя́дя, па́па.
	For дедушка, папа:
	“This noun is masculine, but looks like a hard stem feminine animate noun. It has the same endings as ма́ма.”
	For дя́дя:
	“This noun is masculine, but looks like a soft stem feminine animate noun. It has the same endings as герои́ня.” Note that this particular noun will also get the special feature message about GPl -ей.

There will be some common-gender nouns like (у́мница, ро́хля, сирота́, брю́зга, левша́). None of these items are on our MiP list.
	“This noun can be masculine or feminine, but looks like a feminine ... animate noun... It has the same endings as...”

There are some indeclinable nouns like метро́, интервью́, пальто́, би́стро.
	“This noun is does not change its form.”

There are some plural-only nouns like лы́жи, молодожёны, де́ньги. But maybe this is not a problem and they do not need any message.

There are some idiоsyncratic nouns like дочь, мать, муж, сосед, брат, друг.
	“This is an irregular noun.”

2) Stress
	Here I have arranged the messages according to the Zaliznjak stress codes, which are given to the left of each message. The user will need to understand that if the pattern calls for end stress in a form that has no ending, the stress falls on the last syllable of the stem.
	a	“This noun always has stress on the stem.”	
	b	“This noun always has stress on the ending.”
	b'	“This noun has stress on the ending in all forms except the ISg.”	
	c	“This noun has stress on the stem in the singular and on the ending in the plural.”	
	d	“This noun has stress on the ending in the singular and on the stem in the plural.”
	d'	“This noun has stress on the ending in the singular, but on the stem in the ASg and the plural.”
	e	“This noun has stress on the stem in the singular and NPl and APl, but has stress on the ending in the other plural forms.” [inanimate nouns]
	e	“This noun has stress on the stem in the singular and NPl, but has stress on the ending in the other plural forms.” [animate nouns]
	f	“This noun has stress on the ending in all forms except the NPl.”
	f'	“This noun has stress on the ending in all forms except the ASg and NPl.”
	f''	“This noun has stress on the ending in all forms except the ISg and the NPl.”

3) Special features
	This will be a collection of special problems and exceptions. The most obvious one is mobile vowels. We can add more as needed.

Mobile vowels
	“This noun has a mobile vowel.”

Special endings
	“This noun has GPl -ей.” e.g., дя́дя
	“This noun has no GPl form.”  e.g., мечта́
	“This noun has a second locative form.” e.g., лес
	“This noun has a second genitive form.” e.g., чай

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Example of how this would work:
	The user is prompted to provide the NPl for не́мец.
	The user puts in не́меци.
	The system detects an error and gives this message to the user:
		This is a masculine animate noun ending in -ц. It has the same endings as оте́ц.
		This noun always has stress on the stem.
		This noun has a mobile vowel.