#Subclass Prop Pers Dem Interr Refl Recipr Rel Indefinite Qu Card Ord Act Pass #Derivation Tra Car Equ Dim Conc Pol Pej Lim Emph Aff Augm Hab Sim #Nountype #Passive #Demtype #Possessive PxSg1 PxSg2 PxSg3 PxDu1 PxDu2 PxDu3 PxPl1 PxPl2 PxPl3 #Polarity Neg #Tense Aor Prt1 Prt2 #Punctuation ABBR ACR CLB PUNCT LEFT RIGHT #Number Sg Du Pl #NumberN Sg Pl SP #DerivedRoot V* N* A* #Case Nom Acc Gen Dat Loc Abl Pros #NPxNumber Sg Du Pl #PxCase1 Nom Acc Gen Dat Loc Abl Pros #Numeraltype Date Range #InfiniteUnchanged GerFin Ger ConNeg ConNegII Evas #InfiniteChanged InfImprf InfPrf PrcImprf PrcPrf PrcNeg PrcFut Subord Aud Fut #Attributive Attr #Person-NumberSC ScSg1 ScSg2 ScSg3 ScDu1 ScDu2 ScDu3 ScPl1 ScPl2 ScPl3 #Person-Number-ConNegSC ScSg1 ScSg2 ScSg3 ScDu1 ScDu2 ScDu3 ScPl1 ScPl2 ScPl3 #Person-NumberOC OcSg3 OcDu3 OcPl3 #Person-NumberRC RcSg1 RcSg2 RcSg3 RcDu1 RcDu2 RcDu3 RcPl1 RcPl2 RcPl3 #Person-Number-ConNegOC OcSg3 OcDu3 OcPl3 #Compound SgCmp SgNomCmp SgGenCmp PlGenCmp #Transitivity TV IV VR #Mood-Basic Ind Pot Conj Imprt Opt Hort Mod/narr #Mood-Additional Mod/appr Mod/des Mod/futappr Mod/hyp Mod/int Mod/nec Mod/obl Mod/rep Mod/sup Mod/perfappr Mod/perfprob Mod/prob #Syntax #Wordclass N A V Adv Pron Interj Pcle Num #Clitic #Nametype Ani Fem Mal Obj Org Plc Sur Tit #Grade Comp Superl #Connegative ConNeg !!!Morphology INTRODUCTION TO THE MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSER OF NENETS !!Analysis symbols The morphological analyses of wordforms of the TUNDRA NENETS language are presented in this system in terms of following symbols. (It is highly suggested to follow existing standards when adding new tags). * __+WORK__ WORK HAS TO BE DONE Do not remove, replaces +TYÄ The parts-of-speech are: * __+N __ * __+A __ * __+Adv__ * __+V __ * __+Pron__ * __+CS __ * __+CC __ * __+Adp__ * __+Po __ * __+Pr __ * __+Interj__ * __+Pcle__ * __+Num__ The parts of speech are further split up into: * __+Prop__ * __+Pers__ * __+Dem__ * __+Interr__ * __+Refl__ * __+Recipr__ * __+Rel__ * __+Indef__ Adv * __+Manner__ * __+Refr__ (referential), * __+Temp__ The Usage extents are marked using the following tags: * __+Err/Sub__ * __+Use/-Spell__ * __+Use/SpellNoSugg__ recognized but not suggested in speller * __+Rus__ (100% Russian homograph) Dialects * __+Dial/W__ (Western dialects), * __+Dial/T__ (Taimyr dialect ), * __+Dial/E__ (Eastern dialects), The nominals are inflected in the following Case and Number * __+Sg__ * __+Du__ * __+Pl__ * __+Acc__ * __+Gen__ (Genitive) * __+Abl__ * __+Dat__ * __+Loc__ * __+Nom__ * __+Pros__ (Prosecutive) * __+Tra__ * __+Abe__ * __+Adc__ * __+Ins__ * __+Apr__ * __+Ine__ * __+Ill__ * __+Ela__ * __+Egr__ * __+Prl__ * __+Pred __ = predestinative are these needed?: * __+Appr__ * __+Advc__ * __+Ter__ * __+Pro__ * __+Car__ * __+Equ__ derivative suffixes before case endings * __+Lim__ limitative The possession is marked as such: * __+PxSg1__ * __+PxSg2__ * __+PxSg3__ * __+PxDu1__ * __+PxDu2__ * __+PxDu3__ * __+PxPl1__ * __+PxPl2__ * __+PxPl3__ The comparative forms are: * __+Pos__ * __+Comp__ * __+Superl__ Numerals are classified under: * __+Attr__ * __+Card__ * __+Ord__ Verb moods are: * __+Ind__ * __+Pot__ * __+Conj__ * __+Imprt__ * __+Opt__ * __+Hort__ * __+Mod/appr__ approximative imperfective * __+Mod/des__ desiderative * __+Mod/futappr__ approximative futuritive * __+Mod/hyp__ hyperprobablitative * __+Mod/int__ interrogative * __+Mod/narr__ narrative * __+Mod/nec__ necessitativee * __+Mod/obl__ obligative * __+Mod/rep__ reputative * __+Mod/sup__ superprobabilitative * __+Mod/perfappr__ approximative perfective * __+Mod/perfprob__ perfective probabilitative * __+Mod/prob__ imperfective probabilitative Verb tenses are: * __+Aor__ * __+Prt__ * __+Prt1__ * __+Prt2__ Verb personal forms are: Subject One of the two following * __+Sg1__ * __+Sg2__ * __+Sg3__ * __+Pl1__ * __+Pl2__ * __+Pl3__ * __+ScSg1__ * __+ScSg2__ * __+ScSg3__ * __+ScDu1__ * __+ScDu2__ * __+ScDu3__ * __+ScPl1__ * __+ScPl2__ * __+ScPl3__ Object * __+OcSg3__ * __+OcDu3__ * __+OcPl3__ Other verb forms are * __+InfImprf__ * __+InfPrf__ * __+PrcImprf__ * __+PrcPrf__ * __+PrcNeg__ * __+PrcFut__ * __+GerFin__ * __+Subord__ * __+Aud __ * __+Evas __ * __+Ger __ * __+ConNeg__ * __+ConNegII__ * __+Neg __ * __+ImprtII__ * __+PrsPrc__ * __+Sup __ * __+VGen __ * __+VAbess__ Abbreviated words are classified with: * __+ABBR__ * __+ACR__ Special symbols are classified with: * __+CLB__ * __+PUNCT__ * __+LEFT__ * __+RIGHT__ The verbs are syntactically split according to transitivity: * __+TV__ * __+IV__ * __+Aux__ auxilliary verb Special multiword units are analysed with: * __+Multi__ Non-dictionary words can be recognised with: * __+Guess__ Question and Focus particles: * __+Qst__ * __+Foc__ Semantics are classified with * __+Sem/Mal __ * __+Sem/Fem __ * __+Sem/Sur __ * __+Sem/Plc __ * __+Sem/Org __ * __+Sem/Obj __ * __+Sem/Ani __ * __+Sem/Hum __ * __+Sem/Plant __ * __+Sem/Group __ * __+Sem/Time __ * __+Sem/Txt __ * __+Sem/Route __ * __+Sem/Measr__ * __+Sem/Wthr __ * __+Sem/Build__ * __+Sem/Edu __ * __+Sem/Veh __ * __+Sem/Clth __ Derivations are classified under the morphophonetic form of the suffix, the source and target part-of-speech. * __+V→N__ * __+V→V__ * __+V→A__ * __+Der/xxx__ * __+Der/MWN__ modifier without noun head * __+Der/Pr__ this is used with predication of nominals and deverbal modalities !!Morphophonology To represent phonologic variations in word forms we use the following symbols in the lexicon files: * __%{ая%}__ in Pros * __%{оё%}__ in +N+Sg+Nom+PxPl3 * __%{рл%} __ +N+Sg+Nom+PxSg2 * __%{аяуюØ%}__ хан+N+Sg+Acc+PxSg1: ханув, ханав * __%{увм%}__ +N+Sg+Pros * __%{вм%} __ +N+Sg+Nom+PxSg1 And following triggers to control variation * __{front}__ * __{back}__ * __%^SCSG2__ this allows n2d +V+Ind+Aor+ScSg2:%>н°%^SCSG2 * __%^PLNOM__ disallows i2e +N+Pl+Nom+PxDu1+Der/Pr+V+Ind+Aor+ScPl3 * __%^PalVariation__ This allows for тарД1%>д%{оё%}нзь * __%{ауоэØ%}__ А1:а А1:у А1:о А1:э schwa * __%{ауоэиыØ%}__ before pros This is the schwa or reduced vowel occurring after x in case endings * __А2__ Alternating between zero and а * __Д1__ * __С1__ * __Н1__ * __Ӈ1__ = These are proto-glottals * __Г1__ * __В1__ * __Е1__ * __Е2__ * __Ы1__ * __Ы2__ = These are for developing underlying morphology rules !!Triggers * __%^A2O__ Initially this is used for the noun "я" to enable a:o * __%^A2I__ for я:и in пя * __%^MLenition__ м:в м:б * __%^VowLower__ vowel lowering ы:э у:о * __%^VowRaise__ э:ы о:у * __%^VowLoss__ stem-final vowel is lost in plural accusative form * __%^StemVowFronting__ хасава:хасев * __%^VowFronting__ хадась:хадэйнинзь * __%^PalLoss__ in combination with stem-final vowel loss * __%^HardFronting__ яля:ялэ We have manually optimised the structure of our lexicon using the following flag diacritics to restrict morhpological combinatorics: * __@P.NeedNoun.ON@__ * __@D.NeedNoun.ON@__ * __@C.NeedNoun@__ Object conjugation * __@P.CONJ.ObjAll@__ * __@R.CONJ.ObjAll@__ * __@C.CONJ@ __ !!!The __Root__ lexicon The word forms in Nenets start from the lexeme roots of basic word classes, or optionally from prefixes: * __adjectives ; __ * __adpositions ; __ * __adverbs ; __ * __interjections ;__ * __nouns ; __ * __pronouns ; __ * __propernouns ; __ * __quantifiers ; __ * __verbs ; __ * __V_NEWWORDS ; __ This is for feeding new verbs. * __Punctuation ;__ * __CONJUNCTION ;__ * __SUBJUNCTION ;__ * __INTERJECTION ;__ * __POSTPOSITION ;__